Onto our new and exciting journey in Michigan

A warm greeting from the Mitten!  We have been in our new home for 3 months and things are going wonderfully.  We actually really love our new area, even though we are in the heart of the suburbs.  It may be big and traffic might be awful sometimes but I like to look on the bright side.  There are a lot of very interesting places to visit and a lot people with similar interests here: Permaculture, holistic living, etc.  With the help of Facebook and Meetup, I have joined some homeschooling/unschooling groups and Permaculture groups and have made friends quickly.

Now that the craziness of moving, settling in, and the holiday season are just about over, I am really looking forward to increasing my knowledge base through reading.  Thankfully, Michigan has a similar inter-library loan system to what Ohio has and I have requested a slew of books on Permaculture and related topics.  I plan on sharing my thoughts on the books as I read through them.

I also have been able to go to several in-person workshops (or skillshares) hosted by the various Permaculture groups that I participate in.  In November, I attended two different workshops: a rocket stove workshop as well as a “making hard cider” demonstration.  In December, I attended a meeting wherein three presenters presented their craft in short demonstrations: carving wooden spoons, making paper and wool felting.  I was really intrigued with the wool felting.  The presenter said that she doesn’t like knitting or sewing but really found that she likes wool felting.  I am not enthusiastic about knitting or sewing either.  I prefer other crafts such as soap-making, growing plants, and cooking.

In November, a co-leader of my county’s Permaculture group put a call out to invite people to present a skillshare at future meetups.  I offered to present on seed sprouting, soap-making, and baking artisan bread.  She took me up on my offer.  In a few weeks, I’ll be presenting on sprouting seeds for eating (not gardening) and then in March I will be presenting on cold process soap making.

alfalfa seeds sprouting in a sprouting tower

In preparation for my sprouting presentation, I am doing a lot of researching — revisiting what I already know but also expanding my knowledge base and my experience (by sprouting a larger variety of seeds).  I am really, really glad that I am.  I am learning so much.  I have also improved my previous sprouting techniques.  So, I plan on posting a series here on the blog about my adventures in sprouting seeds for eating.

There is more to write but I will save that for later.  Happy New Year to each of you!

Thanks for reading.  If you enjoyed this post, please click the “LIKE” button and consider subscribing via email, Twitter ,  Pinterest or your favorite reader.

Giant Hogweed — you NEED to know this dangerous plant

Greetings, friends!  I live in the Great Lakes region but for some strange reason I had never heard of this horrifying plant until this year.  When Michigan herbalist, jim mcdonald, posted in April on his Facebook page his “obligatory annual GIANT HOGWEED post” (find it at the bottom of this post), it was the first time I’d heard of it.  Then at the end of May, after stumbling upon a story in a Detroit news outlet titled (alarmingly),  “Michiganders warned of dangerous hogweed“, I decided that I needed to learn about this plant as thoroughly as possible and share what I have found.

The short summary is this: The sap of this plant will give a person a horrifyingly nasty and painful skin rash that will last for weeks.  If the sap gets into a person’s eyes, it will cause blindness (one source says temporary blindness).  The toxin (which is in the class of phytochemicals called furanocoumarin) in the sap  is activated by UV rays (phytophotodermatitis).  According to Midwest Invasive Plant Network, giant hogweed is a perennial herbaceous plant that, by the 4th or 5th year, produces a 7-15 foot flower stalk.  Before then its form is a rosette that grows bigger and bigger each year until it is ready to produce that humongous flower stalk and gigantic  flower umbels.

Note: there are several “well-known” plants that are related to giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum).  Some of them are common hogweed, wild parsnip, cow parsnip, Queen Anne’s lace (wild carrot) and poison hemlock.

Why is this plant so dangerous?  According to this CBC report, “The toxins in the sap can create what is known as “phytophotodermatitis” — basically an extreme sensitivity to sunlight. The effects of the toxins are not felt immediately, but once activated by UV rays, they can damage skin cells and cause lesions that look similar to burns.”

Here is more information about giant hogweed:

• The scientific name is Heracleum mantegazzianum.
• The range for this plant is:  In the western half of North America, it is found in Oregon, Washington and British Columbia.  In the eastern half of N. Am., it is found in only some of the states/provinces in the Great Lakes region as well as in most of New England and in North Carolina.  According to this USDA map, the states in the eastern US that have giant hogweed are as follows: (from west to east) IL, MI, NC, PA, NY, CT, MA, and ME (more states from other sources listed below).  All of eastern Canada is highlighted on the map as having giant hogweed present.  If you live in one of those affected areas, I encourage you to click on the link to get to the map; then below the map you will see that most of the states affected have a link to county distributions.  Not all counties within the states have giant hogweed present.  According to Midwest Invasive Plant Network and this pdf, northern Wisconsin, northern Indiana and eastern Ohio also have giant hogweed present.  According to this USDA Forest Service webpage, this plant is found also in Maryland, New Jersey, Vermont and New Hampshire.
• What it looks like as a shoot and small plant (early stages of growth): It grows in a rosette for several years before it sends up a flower stem to produce seeds (after which the plant dies; it is a monocarpic plant).  The seedling leafs are spiked and have a pronounced jagged appearance.
• Profile of the stem: Like most of the plants in the Apiaceae family, it has a hollow stem.  It can have noticeable purple splotches on the stem.  The stem is covered in coarse hairs (bristle).
• Profile of the mature leaves: “On mature plants, leaves are divided into three equal or almost equal parts which are then divided into a further 3 parts (ternate)” and  “Lateral leaflets have blade touching main stem with no petioles (leaf stalk)” Source “Hairs are also found under the leaves. The plant produces a clear, watery sap that is found in the hairs and stem.” Source
• Profile of the flowers: white flowers in multiple, large umbels (think umbrellas); 50-150 rays per main umbel Source
• Habitat: likes moist soil such as near rivers
• Time of year for its life cycle: blooms in June in Ontario; my guess is that it blooms in spring in places south of Ontario.  But remember that blooming is the last stage of life for this plant.  As stated previously, it spends 4 – 5 years as a rosette so be on the look out for the rosettes since they can be as toxic but not as noticeable as the large flower stalk.

If videos are helpful for you to commit this plant’s features to memory, please check out the following videos by Chris Phyto:

• Video of giant hogweed’s leaves
• Video of giant hogweed’s umbels
• Video of young giant hogweed leaves (Chris compares these to some common hogweed plants nearby and talks about the differences)

Links to check out, especially if you live in an area where giant hogweed is present; it’s good to see the various photos of the plant:

• CBC: 5 things you need to know about toxic hogweed (has a video report and includes what to do if you do get sap on your skin)
• MIPN info sheet on giant hogweed
• This USDA Forest Service webpage has a TON of information on giant hogweed.
• Lots of clear photos and information on this pdf from Ontario Invasive Plant Council
• Very helpful info sheet from The Ohio State University
• Here is another info sheet from the gov’t of New Brunswick, Canada.
• Photo in post from Washington Post

Plant geek info:

Family: Apiaceae (or Umbelliferae)

Genus: Heracleum 

Species: mantegazzianum

Common names: giant hogweed, cartwheel-flower, giant cow parsnip,”hogsbane” or giant cow parsley (source)

Thanks for reading.  If you enjoyed this post, please click the “LIKE” button and consider subscribing via email, Twitter ,  Pinterest or your favorite reader.

*****************************************************************************************************************************************

Below is the post from jim mcdonald:

Jim Mcdonald

April 17 · Edited

the obligatory annual GIANT HOGWEED post; please feel free to share or copy and paste it onto any and all of the hundred thousand threads on the topic:

Giant hogweed possesses the same photosensitizing compounds found in parsnip (and not just wild parsnip, as “garden parsnip” and “wild parsnip” are the *same* species, Pastinaca sativa). It’s the sap that’s so bad; if you just touch the plant you won’t melt like the wicked witch in the Wizard of Oz… But *don’t* try pulling it up or chopping it down. The plant is freakin’ huge, so pretty easy to ID. It’s not like you won’t notice it.

Cow parsnip, hogweed and wild parsnip are of a wholly different breed than poison ivy; the sap contains furocoumarins and is photosensitizing, it increases the effects for sun exposure. Here’s a nice overview, as related to wild parsnip (but, again, it applies to garden & cow parsnip and hogweed):

“This section is adapted from the excellent article on wild parsnip burns by David Eagan (1999). Wild parsnip is of concern because humans develop a severe skin irritation from contact with its leaves. Plants have chemicals called psoralens (more precisely, furocoumarins) that cause phyto-photodermatitis: an interaction between plants (phyto) and light (photo) that induce skin (derm) inflammation (itis).

Once the furocoumarins are absorbed by the skin, they are energized by uv light on both sunny and cloudy days. They then bind to DNA and cell membranes, destroying cells and skin. Parsnip burns usually occur in streaks and elongated spots, reflecting where a damaged leaf or stem moved across the skin before exposure to sunlight.

Wild parsnip burns differ from the rash caused by poison ivy in several aspects. First, everyone is sensitive to wild parsnip and you do not need to be sensitized by a prior exposure to develop burns or blisters. You can brush against wild parsnip plants and not be affected. Parsnip is only dangerous when the plant sap from broken leaves or stems gets on your skin. Lastly, the wild parsnip’s “burn” is usually less irritating that poison ivy’s “itch.” The worst of the burning pain caused by wild parsnip is usually over within a couple of days while the rash and itch of poison ivy can last a long time.

In cases of mild exposure to wild parsnip, affected areas turn red and fell sunburned. In severe cases, the skin first turns red and then blisters form. The arms, legs, torso, face, and neck are most vulnerable and affected areas may feel like they have been scalded. Blisters form a day or two after sun exposure and soon after the blisters rupture and the skin starts healing. But for many people the ordeal is not over as dark red or brownish “scars” remain in the burned areas for several months to years. Animals can also get parsnip burns if they have little hair and lightly pigmented skin, characteristics that allow the chemical and sunlight to reach the skin.

The burning sensation can be relieved by covering the affected areas with a cool, wet cloth. Try to delay blisters from rupturing as long as possible as blisters protect the skin by keeping it moist and clean while the areas heal. For those cases with extensive blistering, consult a doctor.

Tips to avoid exposure include wearing gloves, long pants, and long-sleeved shirts. Planning control activities for the early evening will minimize sunlight and thus activation of the blistering process. If you are exposed to the plant juice, wash the contaminated areas thoroughly as soon as possible.”

Consuming Raspberry Leaves

I have an amazing amount of wild spinach (Chenopodium album) and that makes up the bulk of our greens but I also pick a few other types of leaves including young grape leaves and young raspberry leaves.  In this post, I’ll write about just the raspberry leaves.  I’ll save the grape leaves for a future post.

young raspberry leaves

 

I like to consume some of the leafy greens in my diet in the form of green smoothies (the other part in salads; I’m not a big fan of sauteed greens).  My green smoothies consist of a few cups of washed greens and a few cups of frozen (or unfrozen) fruit and water.  My favorite fruits are frozen blueberries and frozen bananas but we also use pineapple, mulberries, raspberries, melons, peaches, grapes, etc.  I also started sprinkling some cinnamon and kelp granules into our smoothies.  You can taste the cinnamon goodness but thankfully not the kelp.  Sometimes I will put in some coconut milk.  What turned me on to green smoothies was Victoria Boutenko’s book  Green Smoothies   Consuming more leafy greens really resonated with me.  The benefit of increasing the amount of veggies in one’s diet is hard to argue with.  One of the most surprising things that I learned from her book is that greens are actually high in protein.  Sweet!

I choose young raspberry leaves and young grape leaves.  The raspberry leaves that I choose are just an inch or long; and, of course, they come as a set of three.  They are a much lighter and brighter green than the old leaves.  I simply pluck off the set of three with my thumb nail and middle finger.  I don’t take any of the thorny stem.  I have tasted the leaves plain and they really don’t have much of a taste.  I don’t put these in my salads or eat them as “trail nibble” because I do not think that they have a good mouth feel.  As a side note, raspberry leaves can be dehydrated and later steeped for tea.  Here are the benefits of the tea, according to Traditional Medicinals.

If you are new to gardening and/or wild edibles, you should definitely know what poison ivy looks like (for a variety of reasons).  I mention this because of the one similarity that raspberry leaves and poison ivy leaves have: the leaves grow in sets of three.  Perhaps you have heard the phrase: “leaves of three, let them be”.  This is good advice for people who are new to identifying plants.  However, as you examine the two plants side by side you will see some very distinct differences.  I will list out the characteristics of each.

Raspberry Plant:

• thorny stem/cane grows upright for a few feet before making an arch back down to the ground as the stem continues to grow (note: some plants may be thornless)
• leaves grow in sets of three (but sometimes five)
• leaves have lots of small “teeth” along the edges (they serrated)
• the underside of the leaves are silver-colored
• leaves are astringent (pop a young leaf into your mouth and you won’t taste much but the leaf will give your mouth a very mild but strange sensation which someone called “cotton mouth”)

Raspberry leaf set with 5 leaflets and another leaf set turned over to show the silvery underside

Poison Ivy (info taken from this webpage of the site Poison Ivy, Oak & Sumac Information Center (linked below))

• “It can appear as a ground cover, a shrub, or as a vine growing up a tree. Older vines are covered in fibrous roots resembling hair that grow into the supporting tree.”
• “It has dull or glossy compound leaves on a long stem that are divided into 3 leaflets, each 2-4″ (5-10 cm) long. The leaflets can be slightly lobed, and are a dark waxy green, above, and light, fuzzier beneath. A short stem sets off the end leaf.”  My note: the leaves can also have a burnt orange color.
• “Poison ivy grows throughout eastern North America…[and] can be found in Bermuda and the Bahamas. Poison ivy…grow[s] in open woods, thickets, fence rows, stone walls, roadsides, and waste places. On roadsides, it tends to be ground cover, and in sandy coastal areas, it tends to be an erect shrub. In woods, you’ll mostly see the vines on trees.”

This site is dedicated to poison ivy: Poison Ivy, Oak & Sumac Information Center.  I highly recommend the Poison Ivy Tutorial on their site to better familiarize yourself with poison ivy.  Another nice article on poison ivy (by Twin Eagles Wilderness School) is here.  And this pdf from jim mcdonald with close-up, color photos.

poison ivy leaf set with a raspberry leaf set in lower left side of the photo

Thanks for reading.  If you enjoyed this post, please click the “LIKE” button and consider subscribing via email, Twitter ,  Pinterest or your favorite reader.

 

Free virtual survival summit with 29 speakers next week

Greetings!  I wanted to share with you about The Survival Summit that starts January 20, 2014 and runs 6 days!   It’s free.  It starts next week.  It’s online!  Here is the speaker line-up: http://thesurvivalsummit.com/schedule/

There is a wide range of topics, especially about homesteading and self-reliance — foraging, making biodiesel, first aid, trapping, food preservation WITHOUT electricity, growing food without irrigation (by Paul Wheaton, a favorite speaker), plus all of the zombie apocalypse survival stuff too. 🙂

I’m very excited to hear some of these speakers.  And I’m very excited about being able to stay at home and hear them.  How very energy-efficient! 🙂

I traveled 5 hours by car 2 1/2 years ago to go to a Mother Earth News Fair.  While it was neat to be there in person to see presenters, I wouldn’t drive that far again for it.  There was no hands-on learning; it was just watching presenters.  I was glad that I went once but, to me, I can watch a video presentation at home and save a lot of money and energy.

If you have enjoyed this post, please consider subscribing via email or in your favorite reader.  I’m also on Twitter and YouTube!  Have a great day!

Geoff Lawton’s FREE video series on Permaculture

Greetings, friends!  I mentioned this video series in my post on Jack Spirko’s video series on permaculture.  At the time, I had not watch the entire series by Geoff Lawton.  Now that I have, I highly recommend his video series.  They are more of an overview of what can be accomplished with permaculture design rather than a specific “how-to” video series.

The first video is called Surviving the Coming Crisis: Designing your Way to Abundance by Geoff Lawton.  The titles of the other videos are at the top of that webpage.

Thanks for stopping by!  If you have enjoyed this post, please consider subscribing via email or in your favorite reader.  I’m also on Twitter and YouTube! Have a great day!

Another great free video series on Permaculture

I just came across another series on Permaculture.  This one is produced by Midwest Permaculture.  It has 18 videos and they are great!  I love hearing about Permaculture design from different perspectives.

The first video of the series is here:

If you missed my post on Jack Spirko’s video series on Permaculture you can find it here.

If you have enjoyed this post, please consider subscribing via email or in your favorite reader.  I’m also on Twitter and YouTube!  Have a great day!

Homesteading Word of the Day — plant guilds

Greetings!  I hope that this post finds you happy and healthy!

Today’s Homesteading Word of the Day (or rather PHRASE of the day) is “plant guilds.”  Plant guilds are groups of plants that grow together and support each other in various ways.  In nature, many plants grow together in the same area.  In gardening and homesteading, we can choose plants that will actually help each other grow instead of compete with each other for the nutrients in the soil and for the sunlight needed for photosynthesis.  Many plants will actually share the nutrients that they acquire from the soil with other plants

I came across this webpage that has a great explanation of plant guilds or permaculture guilds: http://www.neverendingfood.org/b-what-is-permaculture/permaculture-guilds/

Here are some of great excerpts from that webpage: “Permaculture is based on natural systems like those that we see in forests.  In a forest system, there are multiple layers of vegetation growing together in a very diverse setting.  We see many types of trees, shrubs, plants, insects, animals, and various other things all living together in a system that continually strengthens itself.  All of these components of a natural ecosystem serve a function (or several functions) that support each other like the strands of a web.  One strand on its own may be weak, but the combination of all the strands together add to the overall strength and usefulness of the web.”

“A good Permaculture guild generally has seven components: food for us…food for the soil…diggers/miners…groundcover…climbers…supporters…protectors.”

PLUS at the bottom of the page there is a free one-page illustrated download called Permaculture Guild.  From that download: “A “guild” in Permaculture is a system of efficiently grouping different plants together in order to use everything to its fullest potential.”

And here is a free ebook on plant guilds by Midwest Permaculture http://midwestpermaculture.com/eBook/Plant%20Guilds%20eBooklet%20-%20Midwest%20Permaculture.pdf

Want to see all of the Homesteading Word of the Day posts?  Scroll down and look for “Categories” on the right then click on “vocabulary” or just click on this link: https://crunchymamasurbanhomestead.wordpress.com/category/vocabulary/

Thanks for visiting my blog.  I hope that you have enjoyed this post.  Please consider subscribing via email or in your favorite reader.  I’m also on Twitter and YouTube!  Have a great day!

Homesteading Word of the Day — pollard

Greetings!  Yesterday’s homesteading word of the day was coppice.  Today’s HWOTD  is related — pollard.  They both mean cutting back or pruning trees or shrubs but the height at which the cuts are made are different.  Generally speaking, coppicing occurs closer to the ground and pollarding occurs higher up.  Obviously, there are reasons for each methods.

Midwest Permaculture’s website has a very helpful post on the similarities and differences between the two methods as well as the reason why you would want to do either.  Here are a few helpful paragraph’s from the post.

“Coppicing and pollarding are two methods of wood pruning that allows us to continually harvest wood from the same trees while keeping them healthy for centuries. They produce a sustainable supply of timber for many generations while enhancing the natural state for wildlife and native plants.”

“The main difference between the two methods is that coppicing occurs at ground level while pollarding is done 8-10 feet high to prevent browsing animals from eating the fresh shoots; typically, coppicing was done to manage woodlands and pollarding was done in a pasture system.

Coppicing a tree produces multiple stems growing out of the main trunk — suitable for firewood, fencing, tool handles, and many more woodland crafts. A properly coppiced woodland, harvested in rotational sections called coups, has trees and understory in every stage and is a highly effective method to grow a fast supply of naturally renewing timber. By working on a rotation we are assured of a crop somewhere in the woodland every year.

Pollarding (from the word “poll,” which originally meant “top of head”) has been used since the Middle Ages — in fact, there are still stands of continuously pollarded trees that date to that time. Today, it is a technique that can be used in very urban environments to prevent trees from invading utilities or sewers . . . but its historical use of a wooded pasture system also fits into a permaculture method very well — stacking functions to get more yield out of one area.

What makes these methods so appealing is that by keeping the tree in a perpetual juvenile state, they actually extend the life of the tree by hundreds or sometimes even thousands of years. Diseases rarely have time to take hold of the young growth and weather elements do not affect trees of short stature so they live much longer than their unpruned counterparts. ”

I highly encourage you to visit the webpage, especially if you are a visual learner, because it has some illustrations and photos of the methods plus it goes into much more details about the benefits of these methods.

Lastly,  in regard to the pronunciation of the word pollard, the stress is on the first syllable — PAH lurd.

Want to see all of the Homesteading Word of the Day posts?  Scroll down and look for “Categories” on the right then click on “vocabulary.”

Thanks for visiting my blog.  I hope that you have enjoyed this post.  Please consider subscribing via email or in your favorite reader.  I’m also on Twitter and YouTube!  Have a great day!

Homesteading Word of the Day – coppice

I was reading a post in a permaculture forum and the post wrote that he coppices his trees at 10 feet.  I imagined that that meant that he cut them at 10 feet but I wanted to be sure.

From http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/coppice, as a verb, coppice means “to trim back (trees or bushes) to form a coppice.”  It can also be used as a noun.

See also how http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/coppice defines it.

Pronunciation: the stress is on the first syllable — KOP – is.

Be sure to check out my post on a similar pruning technique — pollard.

Want to see all of the Homesteading Word of the Day posts?  Scroll down and look for “Categories” on the right then click on “vocabulary.”

Thanks for visiting my blog.  I hope that you have enjoyed this post.  Please consider subscribing via email or in your favorite reader.  I’m also on Twitter and YouTube!  Have a great day!

Homesteading Word of the Day – riparian

Yesterday I was watching a Paul Wheaton video in which he used the phrase “riparian species.”  I had no idea what riparian meant so I looked it up.  I thought that I’d share with y’all — just in case you didn’t know what that word meant as well.

From http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/riparian?s=t, riparian as an adjective means “of, inhabiting, or situated on the bank of a river.”  See the link for more definitions.

In http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/riparian, the definition is “relating to or living or located on the bank of a natural watercourse (as a river) or sometimes of a lake or a tidewater.”

Pronunciation is ri-pair-ee-uhn.

Want to see all of the Homesteading Word of the Day posts?  Scroll down and look for “Categories” on the right then click on “vocabulary.”

Thanks for visiting my blog.  I hope that you have enjoyed this post.  Please consider subscribing via email or in your favorite reader.  I’m also on Twitter and YouTube!  Have a great day!